PCB Pollution Effects and Its Prevention

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Page Introduction

Classification
PCB Pollution,PCB Design
Keyword
PCB Pollution,PCB Design,,PCB Pollution Sources,PCB pollution prevention 
Article core
PCB Pollution Effects and its prevention

Catalogs

Catalogs
I.What is PCB Pollution
II.PCB Pollution Sources
Copper pollution
Organic compound pollution
Ammonia nitrogen pollution
Other pollutants pollution
III.How to Govern the waste water of PCB board design
Waste water distributary
Three basic properties of the PCB pollution prevention
Reuse the Waste water
IV.Relevant information about "PCB Pollution Effects and its prevention"


Text


I.What is PCB Pollution

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB), also known as chlorinated biphenyl, are a class of synthetic organic compounds, a kind of chloride formed by the substitution of hydrogen atoms on the biphenyl ring as chlorine. Polychlorinated biphenyls are widely used in industry and have caused global environmental pollution problems. Polychlorinated biphenyls produced in production and use can be absorbed by human body through skin, respiratory tract and digestive tract, and are enriched in human tissues, seriously endangering human health and life safety. PCB is a synthetic organic matter which is used as a heat carrier, insulating oil and lubricating oil in industry. Waste from the PCB factory is the main source of PCB pollution. For example, only 20 to 30% of the annual production PCB, such as the United States and Japan, are consumed in the use, and the rest 70 to 80% are discharged into the environment.

II.PCB Pollution Sources

The design and production of printed circuit board is mainly to remove excess copper on the copper clad plate and form the line, and the multi-layer printed board also needs to connect and guide the various layers. As the circuit board is more and more delicate, the processing precision is increasing, which makes the production of printed board more and more complex. There are dozens of processes in the process of production, and each process has chemicals into the waste water. Printed circuit board design and production of waste water in the following:

  • Copper pollution

Copper
Copper is the main pollutant in printed circuit board design wastewater, because copper is the main source of waste water in printed circuit board design. Copper foil is the main source. In addition, because each layer of double-sided, multilayer wiring needs conduction, drilling and copper plating on the substrate, so that each layer of the circuit is conducted, and in the substrate (usually resin) the first layer and the intermediate copper plating process as well as the electroless copper plating, electroless copper plating with copper complex, in order to control the stability of copper deposition rate and the thickness of copper deposition. EDTA-Cu (sodium ethylenediamine tetra acetate) is generally used, and there are also unknown components. After the electro-less copper plating, the cleaning water of the printed board also contains copper complexing. In addition, there are also nickel plating, gold plating and tin plating lead in the production of printed board, which also contain these heavy metals.

  • Organic compound pollution

Organic Compound
In the production of copper foil circuit pattern, etching, etc. in the process of welding circuit, the use of ink will be part of the need to protect the copper cover, after the return of organic matter, these processes produce a high concentration of COD, some as high as 10 ~ 20g/L. These high concentration waste water accounts for about 5% of the total amount of water, and it is also the main source of COD in PCB production waste water.

  • Ammonia nitrogen pollution

Ammania nitrogen
According to the different production processes, some processes contain ammonia and ammonium chloride in the etching solution, which are the main sources of ammonia nitrogen.

  • Other pollutants pollution

In addition to the main pollutants, there are acids, bases, nickel, lead, tin, manganese, cyanogen ions, and fluorine. The use of sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid and sodium hydroxide in the PCB production process, various commodities such as chemical etching liquid, chemical plating solution, plating solution and activation solution, such as dozens of presoak, component complex, in addition to most of the known, there are a small number of unknown components, which makes wastewater treatment more complicated and difficult.

III.How to Govern the waste water of PCB board design

There are some useful method to govern the waste water which caused by PCB board:

  • Waste water distributary

Waste water distributary
The production process and chemical liquid of different PCB manufacturers are quite different. Before the design of wastewater treatment works, we participated in the wastewater diversion work of PCB board design and production, and verified the chemical composition of each process with the production process technicians. Each source ensured the accuracy and thoroughness of the wastewater diversion, and laid the foundation for subsequent treatment.

  • Three basic properties of the PCB pollution prevention  

1. general cleaning water (non Complex Copper Wastewater) using caustic neutralization method.
2. the chelated copper wastewater is treated by iron salt masking, sulfide precipitation and bio breaking. Combined with biological treatment, it can further break the copper complex of unknown components and remove organic matter. Some companies uses general agent, the overall processing costs can be reduced by half. 
3. biochemical method was used to treat COD. Usually, the general physicochemical precipitation method has limited effect on the removal of COD, while the COD of printing ink wastewater is usually relatively high. Even after dilution, COD often exceeds the standard. Considering all kinds of methods to remove COD, the removal of COD by biochemical method has great advantages in all aspects. After debugging and running steadily, the daily operation and management is relatively simple, and the operation cost is much more economical than other methods.

  • Reuse the Waste water

At present, China's water resources are seriously lacking. PCB production water consumption is much larger than traditional metal surface manufacturing industry. How to achieve the recycling of water and turn waste into treasure has become a prominent problem in the environmental protection of PCB manufacturing industry. Some companies use "main ultrafiltration + reverse osmosis process", successfully solve the pretreatment process of wastewater reuse, implementation of waste water recycling, and achieved good social and environmental benefits.
IV.Relevant information about "PCB Pollution Effects and Its Prevention"
About the article "PCB Pollution Effects and Its Prevention", If you have better ideas, don't hesitate to  write your thoughts in the following comment area. You also can find more articles about electronic semiconductor through Google search engine, or refer to the following related articles.



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